Book Thirty Four – The Book on Sales and Trade

Hadith Number 263.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): You people say that Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) tells many narrations from Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) and you also wonder why the emigrants and Ansar do not narrate from Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) as Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) does. My emigrant brothers were busy in the market while I used to stick to Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) content with what fills my stomach; so I used to be present when they were absent and I used to remember when they used to forget, and my Ansari brothers used to be busy with their properties and I was one of the poor men of Suffa. I used to remember the narrations when they used to forget. No doubt, Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) once said, "Whoever spreads his garment till I have finished my present speech and then gathers it to himself, will remember whatever I will say." So, I spread my coloured garment which I was wearing till Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) had finished his saying, and then I gathered it to my chest. So, I did not forget any of that narrations.


Hadith Number 264.

Narrated by Ibrahim bin Sad from his father from his grand-father: Abdur Rahman bin Auf (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said, "When we came to Al-Madinah as emigrants, Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) established a bond of brotherhood between me and Sad bin Ar-Rabi'. Sad bin Ar-Rabi' (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said (to me), 'I am the richest among the Ansar, so I will give you half of my wealth and you may look at my two wives and whichever of the two you may choose I will divorce her, and when she has completed the prescribed period (before marriage) you may marry her.' Abdur-Rahman (Radhi Allahu Anhu) replied, "I am not in need of all that. Is there any market-place where trade is practiced?' He replied, "The market of Qainuqa." Abdur-Rahman (Radhi Allahu Anhu) went to that market the following day and brought some dried butter-milk (yogurt) and butter, and then he continued going there regularly. Few days later, 'AbdurRahman came having traces of yellow (scent) on his body. Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) asked him whether he had got married. He replied in the affirmative. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, 'Whom have you married?' He replied, 'A woman from the Ansar.' Then the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) asked, 'How much did you pay her?' He replied, '(I gave her) a gold piece equal in weigh to a date stone (or a date stone of gold)! The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, 'Give a Walima (wedding banquet) even if with one sheep.'"


Hadith Number 265.

Narrated by Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): When Abdur-Rahman bin Auf came to Al-Madinah, the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) established a bond of brotherhood between him and Sad bin Ar-Rabi al-Ansari (Radhi Allahu Anhuma). Sad was a rich man, so he said to 'Abdur-Rahman, "I will give you half of my property and will help you marry." 'Abdur-Rahman said (to him), "May Allah bless you in your family and property. Show me the market." So 'Abdur-Rahman did not return from the market) till he gained some dried buttermilk (yoghurt) and butter (through trading). He brought that to his house-hold. We stayed for some-time (or as long as Allah wished), and then Abdur-Rahman (Radhi Allahu Anhu) came, scented with yellowish perfume. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to him) "What is this?" He replied, "I got married to an Ansari woman." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) asked, "What did you pay her?" He replied, "A gold stone or gold equal to the weight of a date stone." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to him), "Give a wedding banquet even if with one sheep."


Hadith Number 266.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): 'Ukaz, Majanna and Dhul-Majaz were market-places in the Pre-Islamic period of ignorance. When Islam came, Muslims felt that marketing there might be a sin. So, the Divine Inspiration came: "There is no harm for you to seek the bounty of your Lord (in the seasons of Hajj)." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2: 198) Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) recited the Verse in this way.

Hadith Number 267.

Narrated by An-Nu'man bin Bashir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said "Both legal and illegal things are obvious, and in between them are (suspicious) doubtful matters. So who-ever forsakes those doubtful things lest he may commit a sin, will definitely avoid what is clearly illegal; and who-ever indulges in these (suspicious) doubtful things bravely, is likely to commit what is clearly illegal. Sins are Allah's Hima (i.e. private pasture) and whoever pastures (his sheep) near it, is likely to get in it at any moment." (*)


* Man, here is compared to a shepherd, his desires, to a flock of sheep; sins to a private pasture of somebody else; doubtful matters to the region surrounding the pature; and indulgence in doubtful matters to pasture in that region. To pasture there will probably lead the sheep to enter the private pasture, and the shepherd would be punished for grazing his sheep near the private pasture which lead to such an obvious transgression.



Hadith Number 268.

Narrated by Abdullah bin Abu Mulaika: Uqba bin Al-Harith said that a black woman came and claimed that she had suckled both of them (i.e. 'Uqba and his wife). So, he mentioned that to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) who turned his face from him and smiled and said, "How (can you keep your wife), and it was said (that both of you were suckled by the same woman)?" His wife was the daughter of Abu Ihab-al-Tamimi.


Hadith Number 269.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Utba bin Abu Waqqas took a firm promise from his brother Sad bin Abu Waqqas to take the son of the slave-girl of Zam'a into his custody as he was his (i.e. 'Utba's) son. In the year of the Conquest (of Makkah) Sad bin Abu Waqqas took him, and said that he was his brother's son, and his brother took a promise from him to that effect. 'Abu bin Zam'a got up and said, "He is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father and was born on my father's bed." Then they both went to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) Sad said, "O Allah’s Messenger! He is the son of my brother and he has taken a promise from me that I will take him." 'Abu bin Zam'a said, "(He is) my brother and the son of my father's slave-girl and was born on my father's bed." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The boy is for you. O 'Abu bin Zam'a." Then the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The son is for the bed (i.e the man on whose bed he was born) and stones (disappointment and deprivation) for the one who has done illegal sexual intercourse." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) told his wife Sauda bint Zam'a to screen herself from that boy as he noticed a similarity between the boy and 'Utba. So, the boy did not see her till he died. (*)


* Utba committed adultery before the coming of Islam and before his death he declared that secret and confessed that the son of the slave-girl was his son. It is most probably that he died as a non-believer.


Hadith Number 270.

Narrated by 'Adi bin Hatim (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I asked Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) about Al Mirad (i.e. a sharp-edged piece of wood or a piece of wood provided with a piece of iron used for hunting). He replied, "If the game is hit by its sharp edge, eat it, and if it is hit by its broad side, do not eat it, for it has been beaten to death." I asked, "O Allah’s Messenger! I release my dog by the name of Allah and find with it at the game, another dog on which I have not mentioned the name of Allah, and I do not know which one of them caught the game." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to him), 'Don't eat it as you have mentioned the name of Allah on your dog and not on the other dog."


Hadith Number 271.

Narrated by Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) passed by a fallen date and said, "Were it not for my doubt that this might have been given in charity, I would have eaten it." And narrated Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "I found a date-fruit fallen on my bed."


Hadith Number 272.

Narrated by 'Abbas bin Tamim: That his uncle said: "The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was asked: If a person feels something during his prayer; should one interrupt his prayer?" The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said: No! You should not give it up unless you hear a sound or smell something." Narrated Ibn Abi Hafsa: Az-Zuhri said, "There is no need of repeating ablution unless you detect a smell or hear a sound."


Hadith Number 273.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Some people said, "O Allah’s Messenger! Meat is brought to us by some people and we are not sure whether the name of Allah has been mentioned on it or not (at the time of slaughtering the animals)." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to them), "Mention the name of Allah and eat it."


Hadith Number 274.

Narrated by Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): While we were offering the prayer with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) a caravan carrying food came from Sham. The people looked towards the caravan (and went to it) and only twelve persons remained with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). So, the Divine Inspiration came; "But when they see some bargain or some amusement, they disperse headlong to it." (Surah Al-Jumu'ah 62:.11)

Hadith Number 275.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "A time will come when one will not care how one gains one's money, legally or illegally."


Hadith Number 276.

Narrated by Abu Al-Minhal: I used to practice money exchange, and I asked Zaid bin 'Arqam about it, and he narrated what the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said in the following: Abu Al-Minhal said, "I asked Al-Bara' bin 'Azib and Zaid bin Arqam about practicing money exchange. They replied, 'We were traders in the time of Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) and I asked Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) about money exchange. He replied, 'If it is from hand to hand, there is no harm in it; otherwise it is not permissible."


Hadith Number 277.

Narrated by 'Ubai bin 'Umar: Abu Musa (Radhi Allahu Anhu) asked Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) to admit him but he was not admitted as 'Umar was busy, so Abu Musa went back. When 'Umar finished his job he said, "Didn't I hear the voice of 'Abdullah bin Qais? Let him come in." 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) was told that he had left. So, he sent for him and on his arrival, he (Abu Musa) said, "We were ordered to do so (i.e. to leave if not admitted after asking permission thrice). 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) told him, "Bring witness in proof of your statement." Abu Musa (Radhi Allahu Anhu) went to the Ansar's meeting places and asked them. They said, "None amongst us will give this witness except the youngest of us, Abu Said Al-Khudri. Abu Musa then took Abu Said Al-Khudri (to 'Umar) and 'Umar said, surprisingly, "Has this order of Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) been hidden from me?" (Then he added), "I used to be busy trading in markets."


Hadith Number 278.

Narrated by Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu) : A caravan arrived (at Medina) while we were offering the Jumu’ah prayer with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). The people left out for the caravan, with the exception of twelve persons. Then this Verse was revealed:] 'But when they see some bargain or some amusement, they disperse headlong to it and leave you standing." (Surah Al-Jumu'ah 62: 11)


Hadith Number 279.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) : The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "If a woman gives in charity from her house meals without wasting (i.e. being extravagant), she will get the reward for her giving, and her husband will also get the reward for his earning and the storekeeper will also get a similar reward. The acquisition of the reward of none of them will reduce the reward of the others."


Hadith Number 280.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "If a woman gives something (i.e. in charity) from her husband's earnings without his permission, she will get half his reward."


Hadith Number 281.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I heard Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) saying, "whoever desires an expansion in his sustenance and age, should keep good relations with his Kith and kin."


Hadith Number 282.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) purchased food grains from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his iron armour to him.


Hadith Number 283.

Narrated by Qatada: Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) went to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) with barley bread having some dissolved fat on it. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) had mortgaged his armour to a Jew in Al-Madinah and took from him some barley for his family. Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) heard him saying, "The household of Muhammad did not possess even a single Sa of wheat or food grains for the evening meal, although he has nine wives to look after."


Hadith Number 284.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): When Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Radhi Allahu Anhu) was chosen Caliph, he said, "My people know that my profession was not incapable of providing substance to my family. And as I will be busy serving the Muslim nation, my family will eat from the National Treasury of Muslims, and I will practise the profession of serving the Muslims."

Hadith Number 285.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): The companions of Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) used to practise manual labour, so their sweat used to smell, and they were advised to take a bath.


Hadith Number 286.

Narrated by Al-Miqdam: The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Nobody has ever eaten a better meal than that which one has earned by working with one's own hands. The Prophet of Allah, Dawud (Alayhi Salam) used to eat from the earnings of his manual labour."


Hadith Number 287.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The Prophet Dawud (Alayhi Salam) used not to eat except from the earnings of his manual labour."


Hadith Number 288.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "One would rather cut and carry a bundle of wood on his back than ask somebody who may or may not give him."


Hadith Number 289.

Narrated by Az-Zubair bin Al-Awwam (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "One would rather take a rope and cut wood and carry it than ask others)."


Hadith Number 290.

Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "May Allah's mercy be on him who is lenient in his buying, selling, and in demanding back his money."


Hadith Number 291.

Narrated by Hudhaifa (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Before your time the angels received the soul of a man and asked him, 'Did you do any good deeds (in your life)?' He replied, 'I used to order my employees to grant time to the rich person to pay his debts at his convenience.' So Allah said to the angels; "Excuse him." Rabi said that (the dead man said), 'I used to be easy to the rich and grant time to the poor.' Or, in another narration, 'grant time to the well-off and forgive the needy,' or, 'accept from the well-off and forgive the needy.'


Hadith Number 292.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "There was a merchant who used to lend the people, and whenever his debtor was in straitened circumstances, he would say to his employees, 'Forgive him so that Allah may forgive us.' So, Allah forgave him."


Hadith Number 293.

Narrated by Hakim bin Hizam (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The seller and the buyer have the right to keep or return goods as long as they have not parted or till they part; and if both the parties spoke the truth and described the defects and qualities (of the goods), then they would be blessed in their transaction, and if they told lies or hid something, then the blessings of their transaction would be lost."


Hadith Number 294.

Narrated by Abu Said (Radhi Allahu Anhu): We used to be given mixed dates (from the booty) and used to sell (barter) two Sas of those dates for one Sa (of good dates). The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to us), "No (bartering of) two Sas for one Sa nor two Dirhams for one Dirham is permissible", (as that is a kind of usury). (See Hadith No. 405).


Hadith Number 295.

Narrated by Abu Mas'ud (Radhi Allahu Anhu): An Ansari man, called Abu Shu'aib, came and told his butcher slave, "Prepare meals sufficient for five persons, for I want to invite the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) along with four other persons as I saw signs of hunger on his face." Abu Shu'aib invited them and another person came along with them. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to Abu Shu'aib), This man followed us, so if you allow him, he will join us, and if you want him to return, he will go back." Abu Shu'aib said, "No, I have allowed him (i.e. he, too, is welcomed to the meal)."

Hadith Number 296.

Narrated by Hakim bin Hizam (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The buyer and the seller have the option to cancel or to confirm the deal, as long as they have not parted or till they part, and if they spoke the truth and told each other the defects of the things, then blessings would be in their deal, and if they hid something and told lies, the blessing of the deal would be lost."


Hadith Number 297.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): When the last Verses of Surat al-Baqarah were revealed, the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) recited them in the masjid and proclaimed the trade of alcohol as illegal. (*)

* Al-Bukhari includes this Hadith here because last verses of Surah Al-Baqarah (2) deal with the topic of Riba too.


Hadith Number 298.

Narrated by Samura bin Jundab : The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "This night I dreamt that two men came and took me to a Holy land whence we proceeded on till we reached a river of blood, where a man was standing, and on its bank was standing another man with stones in his hands. The man in the middle of the river tried to come out, but the other threw a stone in his mouth and forced him to go back to his original place. So, whenever he tried to come out, the other man would throw a stone in his mouth and force him to go back to his former place. I asked, 'Who is this?' I was told, 'The person in the river was a Riba-eater."


Hadith Number 299.

Narrated by 'Aun bin Abu Juhaifa: My father bought a slave who practiced the profession of cupping. (My father broke the slave's instruments of cupping). I asked my father why he had done so. He replied, "The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the acceptance of the price of a dog or blood, and also forbade the profession of tattooing, getting tattooed and receiving or giving Riba, (usury), and cursed the picture-makers."


Hadith Number 300.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I heard Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) saying, "The swearing (by the seller) may persuade the buyer to purchase the goods but that will be deprived of Allah's blessing." (*)


* This Hadith confirms the fact that what you earn illegally, decreases ultimately for it will be deprived of Allah’s blessing and it will result in bringing about punishment in the Hereafter while what you give in charity will be compensated for by the blessing of Allah many times, and you will be rewarded for it in the Hereafter as well.

Hadith Number 301.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Abu Aufa (Radhi Allahu Anhu): A man displayed some goods in the market and swore by Allah that he had been offered so much for that, that which was not offered, and he said so, so as to cheat a Muslim. On that occasion the following Verse was revealed: "Verily! Those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's covenant and their oaths (They shall have no portion in the Hereafter... etc.)' (Surah Aal-‘Imran 3: 77)



Hadith Number 302.

Narrated by 'Ali (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I got an old she-camel as my share from the booty, and the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) had given me another from Al-Khumus. And when I intended to marry Fatima (daughter of the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)), I arranged that a goldsmith from the tribe of Bani Qainuqa' would accompany me in order to bring Idhkhir and then sell it to the goldsmiths and use its price for my marriage banquet.


Hadith Number 303.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Allah made Makkah a sanctuary and it was neither permitted for anyone before, nor will it be permitted for anyone after me (to fight in it). And fighting in it was made legal for me for a few hours of a day only. None is allowed to uproot its thorny shrubs or to cut down its trees or to chase its game or to pick up its Luqata (fallen things) except by a person who would announce it publicly." 'Abbas bin 'Abdul-Muttlib requested the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam), "Except Al-Idhkhir, for our goldsmiths and for the roofs of our houses." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Except Al-Idhkhir." 'Ikrima said, "Do you know what is meant by chasing its game? It is to drive it out of the shade and sit in its place." Khalid said, "('Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said: Al-Idhkhir) for our goldsmiths and our graves."

Hadith Number 304.

Narrated by Khabbab (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I was a blacksmith in the Pre-Islamic period, and 'Asi bin Wail owed me some money, so I went to him to demand it. He said (to me), "I will not pay you unless you disbelieve Muhammad." I said, "I will not disbelieve till Allah kills you and then you get resurrected." He said, "Leave me till I die and get resurrected, then I will be given wealth and children and I will pay you your debt." On that occasion it was revealed to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam):

'Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our signs and says: Surely I will be given wealth and children? Has he known the unseen, or has he taken a covenant from the Beneficent (Allah)?' (Surah Maryam 19:77-78)


Hadith Number 305.

Narrated by Ishaq bin 'Abdullah bin Abu Talha: I heard Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu) saying, "A tailor invited Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) to a meal which he had prepared. " Anas bin Malik said, "I accompanied Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) to that meal. He served the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) with bread and soup made with gourd and dried meat. I saw the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) taking the pieces of gourd from the dish." Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) added, "Since that day I have continued to like gourd."


Hadith Number 306.

Narrated by Abu Hazim: I heard Sahl bin Sad saying, "A woman brought a Burda (i.e. a square piece of cloth having edging). I asked, 'Do you know what a Burda is?' They replied in the affirmative and said, "It is a cloth sheet with woven margins." Sahl went on, "She addressed the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) and said, 'I have woven it with my hands for you to wear.' The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) took it as he was in need of it, and came to us wearing it as a waist sheet. One of us said, 'O Allah's Messenger! Give it to me to wear.' The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) agreed to give it to him. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sat with the people for a while and then returned (home), wrapped that waist sheet and sent it to him. The people said to that man, 'You haven't done well by asking him for it when you know that he never turns down anybody's request.' The man replied, 'By Allah, I have not asked him for it except to use it as my shroud when I die." Sahl added; "Later it (i.e. that sheet) was his shroud."


Hadith Number 307.

Narrated by Abu Hazim: Some men came to Sahl bin Sad to ask him about the pulpit. He replied, "Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sent for a woman (Sahl named her) (this message): 'Order your slave carpenter to make pieces of wood (i.e. a pulpit) for me so that I may sit on it while addressing the people.' So, she ordered him to make it from the tamarisk of the forest. He brought it to her and she sent it to Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) ordered it to be placed in the Masjid so, it was put and he sat on it.


Hadith Number 308.

Narrated by Jabir bin Abdullah : An Ansari woman said to Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam), "O Allah's Messenger! Shall I make something for you to sit on, as I have a slave who is a carpenter?" He replied, "If you wish." So, she got a pulpit made for him. When it was Friday the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sat on that pulpit. The date-palm stem near which the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) used to deliver his sermons cried so much so that it was about to burst. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) came down from the pulpit to the stem and embraced it and it started groaning like a child being persuaded to stop crying and then it stopped crying. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "It has cried because of (missing) what it use to hear of the religious knowledge."


Hadith Number 309.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) bought food grains from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his armour to him.

Hadith Number 310.

Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I was with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) in a Ghazwa (Military Expedition) and my camel was slow and exhausted. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) came up to me and said, "O Jabir." I replied, "Yes?" He said, "What is the matter with you?" I replied, "My camel is slow and tired, so I am left behind." So, he got down and poked the camel with his stick and then ordered me to ride. I rode the camel and it became so fast that I had to hold it from going ahead of Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). He then asked me, have you got married?" I replied in the affirmative. He asked, "A virgin or a matron?" I replied, "I married a matron." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Why have you not married a virgin, so that you may play with her and she may play with you?" Jabir replied, "I have sisters (young in age) so I liked to marry a matron who could collect them all and comb their hair and look after them." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "You will reach, so when you have arrived (at home), I advise you to associate with your wife (that you may have an intelligent son)." Then he asked me, "Would you like to sell your camel?" I replied in the affirmative and the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) purchased it for one Uqiya of gold. Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) reached before me and I reached in the morning, and when I went to the Masjid, I found him at the door of the masjid. He asked me, "Have you arrived just now?" I replied in the affirmative. He said, "Leave your camel and come into (the Masjid) and pray two Rakat." I entered and offered the prayer. He told Bilal to weigh and give me one Uqiya of gold. So Bilal weighed for me fairly and I went away. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sent for me and I thought that he would return to me my camel which I hated more than anything else. But the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said to me, "Take your camel as well as its price."


Hadith Number 311.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): 'Ukaz, Majanna and Dhul-Majaz were markets in the Pre-Islamic period. When the people embraced Islam they considered it a sin to trade there. So, the following Holy Verse came: 'There is no harm for you if you seek of the bounty of your Lord (Allah) in the Hajj season." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2: 198) Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) recited it like this.


Hadith Number 312.

Narrated by 'Amr: Here (i.e. in Makkah) there was a man called Nawwas and he had camels suffering from the disease of excessive and unquenchable thirst. Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) went to the partner of Nawwas and bought those camels. The man returned to Nawwas and told him that he had sold those camels. Nawwas asked him, "To whom have you sold them?" He replied, "To such and such Sheikh." Nawwas said, "Woe to you; By Allah, that Sheikh was Ibn 'Umar." Nawwas then went to Ibn 'Umar and said to him, "My partner sold you camels suffering from the disease of excessive thirst and he had not known you." Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) told him to take them back. When Nawwas went to take them, Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) said to him, "Leave them there as I am happy with the decision of Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) that there is no oppression."


Hadith Number 313.

Narrated by Abu Qatada (Radhi Allahu Anhu): We set out with Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) in the year of Hunain, (the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) gave me an armor). I sold that armour and bought a garden in the region of the tribe of Bani Salama and that was the first property I got after embracing Islam.


Hadith Number 314.

Narrated by Abu Musa (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The example of a good companion (who sits with you) in comparison with a bad one, is like that of the musk seller and the blacksmith's bellows (or furnace); from the first you would either buy musk or enjoy its good smell while the bellows would either burn your clothes or your house, or you get a bad nasty smell thereof."


Hadith Number 315.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Abu Taiba cupped Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) so he ordered that he be paid one Sa of dates and ordered his masters to reduce his tax (as he was a slave and had to pay a tax to them).


Hadith Number 316.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Once the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) got his blood out (medically) and paid that person who had done it. If it had been illegal, the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) would not have paid him.


Hadith Number 317.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Once the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sent to 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) a silken two-piece garment, and when he saw 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) wearing it, he said to him, "I have not sent it to you to wear. It is worn by him who has no share in the Hereafter, and I have sent it to you so that you could benefit by it (i.e. sell it)."


Hadith Number 318.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) (Mother of the faithful believers): I bought a cushion with pictures on it. When Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) saw it, he kept standing at the door and did not enter the house. I noticed the sign of disgust on his face, so I said, "O Allah's Messenger! I repent to Allah and His Prophet. (Please let me know) what sin I have done." Allah's Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "What about this cushion?" I replied, "I bought it for you to sit and recline on." Allah's Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The painters (i.e. owners) of these pictures will be punished on the Day of Resurrection. It will be said to them, 'Put life in what you have created (i.e. painted).' " The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) added, "The angels do not enter a house where there are pictures."

Hadith Number 319.

Narrated by Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "O Bani Najjar! Suggest a price for your garden." Part of it was a ruin and it contained some date palms.


Hadith Number 320.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The buyer and the seller have the option to cancel or confirm the bargain before they separate from each other or if the sale is optional." Nafi said, "Ibn 'Umar used to separate quickly from the seller if he had bought a thing which he liked." (*)


* If the bargain is concluded but the buyer and seller are still at the place where the bargain has taken place, they have the right to cancel or confirm the bargain. If they separate, they no longer have such an option. If while they are still together, on of them gives the other the option of canceling or confirming the bargain and they agree upon a decision, the bargain is regarded as final even though they have not separated. On the other hand, if the buyer and the seller agree upon having the option of canceling or confirming the bargain after they separate, the bargain is not regarded as final unless the period of the option has elapsed. (Al-Qastalani Vol 4 pge 43)


Hadith Number 321.

Narrated by Haklm bin Hizam : The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The buyer and the seller have the option of cancelling or confirming the deal unless they separate."


Hadith Number 322.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The seller and the buyer have the option of cancelling or confirming the deal unless they separate, or one of them says to the other, 'Choose (i.e. decide to cancel or confirm the bargain now)." Perhaps he said, 'Or if it is an optional sale.'" Ibn Umar, Shuraih, Ash-Shabi, Tawus, Ata, and Ibn Abu Mulaika (Radhi Allahu Anhum) agree upon this judgment.


Hadith Number 323.

Narrated by Hakim bin Hizam (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The buyer and the seller have the option of cancelling or confirming the bargain unless they separate, and if they spoke the truth and made clear the defects of the goods, them they would be blessed in their bargain, and if they told lies and hid some facts, their bargain would be deprived of Allah's blessings."


Hadith Number 324.

Narrated by Abdullah bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Both the buyer and the seller have the option of cancelling or confirming a bargain unless they separate, or the sale is optional." (See Hadith No.320).


Hadith Number 325.

Narrated by Ibn Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Both the buyer and the seller have the option of cancelling or confirming the bargain, as long as they are still together, and unless they separate or one of them gives the other the option of keeping or returning the things and a decision is concluded then, in which case the bargain is considered as final. If they separate after the bargain and none of them has rejected it, then the bargain is rendered final.


Hadith Number 326.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "No deal is settled and finalized unless the buyer and the seller separate, except if the deal is optional (whereby the validity of the bargain depends on the stipulations agreed upon)."


Hadith Number 327.

Narrated by Hakim bin Hizam (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Both the buyer and the seller have the option of cancelling or confirming the bargain unless they separate." The sub-narrator, Hammam said, "I found this in my book: 'Both the buyer and the seller give the option of either confirming or cancelling the bargain three times, and if they speak the truth and mention the defects, then their bargain will be blessed, and if they tell lies and conceal the defects, they might gain some financial gain but they will deprive their sale of (Allah's) blessings."

Hadith Number 328.

Narrated by Abdullah bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): A person came to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) and told him that he was always betrayed in purchasing. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) told him to say at the time of buying, "No cheating."


Hadith Number 329.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "An army will invade the Ka'bah and when the invaders reach Al-Baida', all the ground will sink and swallow the whole army." I said, "O Allah’s Messenger! How will they sink into the ground while amongst them will be their markets (the people who worked in business and not invaders) and the people not belonging to them?" The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) replied, "all of those people will sink but they will be resurrected and judged according to their intentions."



Hadith Number 330.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The congregational prayer of anyone amongst you is more than twenty (five or twenty seven) times in reward than his prayer in the market or in his house, for if he performs ablution completely and then goes to the masjid with the sole intention of performing the prayer, and nothing urges him to proceed to the masjid except the prayer, then, on every step which he takes towards the masjid, he will be raised one degree or one of his sins will be forgiven. The angels will keep on asking Allah's forgiveness and blessings for everyone of you so long as he keeps sitting at his praying place. The angels will say, 'O Allah, bless him! O Allah, be merciful to him!' as long as he does not do Hadath or a thing which gives trouble to the other." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) further said, "One is regarded in prayer so long as one is waiting for the prayer."


Hadith Number 331.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): While the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was in the market, somebody, called, "O Abu-l-Qasim." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) turned to him. The man said, "I have called to this (i.e. another man)." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Name yourselves by my name but not by my Kuniya (*) (name)."

* Kuniya means calling a man: “O father of so and so!” or calling a woman “O mother of so and so!” and this is a custom of the Arabs.


Hadith Number 332.

Narrated by Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): A man at Al-Baqi' called, "O Abu-l-Qasim!" The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) turned to him and the man said (to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)), "I did not intend to call you." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Name yourselves by my name but not by my kuniya (name)."


Hadith Number 333.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah Ad-Dausi (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Once the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) went out during the day. Neither did he talk to me nor I to him till he reached the market of Bani Qainuqa and then he sat in the compound of Fatima's house and asked about the small boy (his grandson Al-Hasan) but Fatima kept the boy in for a while. I thought she was either changing his clothes or giving the boy a bath. After a while the boy came out running and the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) embraced and kissed him and then said, 'O Allah! Love him, and love whoever loves him.'


Hadith Number 334.

Narrated by Nafi: Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) told us that the people used to buy food from the caravans in the lifetime of the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) used to forbid them to sell it at the very place where they had purchased it (but they were to wait) till they carried it to the market where foodstuff was sold. Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) said, 'The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) also forbade the reselling of foodstuff by somebody who had bought it unless he had received it with exact full measure.'

Hadith Number 335.

Narrated by Ata bin Yasar: I met Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As (Radhi Allahu Anhu) and asked him, "Tell me about the description of Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) which is mentioned in Torah (i.e. Old Testament.") He replied, 'Yes. By Allah, he is described in Torah with some of the qualities attributed to him in the Qur'an as follows:

"O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness (for Allah's True religion) And a giver of glad tidings (to the faithful believers), And a warner (to the unbelievers) And guardian of the illiterates. You are My slave and My messenger (i.e. Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)). I have named you "Al-Mutawakkil" (who depends upon Allah). You are neither discourteous, harsh nor a noise-maker in the markets And you do not do evil to those who do evil to you, but you deal with them with forgiveness and kindness. Allah will not let him (the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)) die till he makes straight the crooked people by making them say: "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah," With which will be opened blind eyes and deaf ears and enveloped hearts."


Hadith Number 336.

Narrated by Abdullah Ibn Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "He who buys foodstuff should not sell it till he is satisfied with the measure with which he has bought it.


Hadith Number 337.

Narrated by Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Haram died and was in debt to others. I asked the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) to intercede with his creditors for some reduction in the debts. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) requested them (to reduce the debts) but they refused. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said to me, "Go and put your dates (in heaps) according to their different kinds. The Ajwa on one side, the cluster of Ibn Zaid on another side, etc... Then call me." I did that and called the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) He came and sat at the head or in the middle of the heaps and ordered me. Measure (the dates) for the people (creditors)." I measured for them till I paid all the debts. My dates remained as it nothing had been taken from them. In other narrations, Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said; The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "He (i.e. 'Abdullah) continued measuring for them till he paid all the debts." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said (to 'Abdullah), "Cut (clusters) for him (i.e. one of the creditors) and measure for him fully."


Hadith Number 338.

Narrated by Al-Miqdam bin Ma'diyakrib (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Measure your foodstuff and you will be blessed."



Hadith Number 339.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Zaid (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) made Makkah a sanctuary, and asked for Allah's blessing in it. I made Al-Madinah a sanctuary as Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) made Makkah a sanctuary and I asked for Allah's Blessing in its measures the Mudd and the Sa as Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) did for Makkah.


Hadith Number 340.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "O Allah bestow your blessings on their measures, bless their Mudd and Sa." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) meant the people of Al-Madinah.


Hadith Number 341.

Narrated by Salim: That his father said. "I saw those, who used to buy foodstuff without measuring or weighing in the life time of the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) being punished if they sold it before carrying it to their own houses."


Hadith Number 342.

Narrated by Tawus: Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) said, "Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of foodstuff before its measuring and transferring into one's possession." I asked Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma), "How is that?" Ibn 'Abbas replied, "It will be just like selling money for money, as the foodstuff has not been handed over to the first purchaser who is the present seller."


Hadith Number 343.

Narrated by Ibn Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) : The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "He who buys foodstuff should not sell it till he has received it."


Hadith Number 344.

Narrated by Az-Zuhri from Malik bin Aus: That the latter said, "Who has change?" Talha said, "I (will have change) when our store-keeper comes from the forest."

Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The bartering of gold for silver is Riba, (*) (usury), except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and wheat grain for wheat grain is usury except if it is form hand to hand and equal in amount, and dates for dates is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and barley for barley is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount." (**)


* Some said “gold for gold”

** Riba (usury) is of two kinds- Riba Naseeya - i.e. to take interest on lent money.
Riba Fadl – i.e. taking a superior thing of the same kind by giving more or the same thing of inferior quality. e.g. dates, some other foodstuff, or gold and silver. Islam strictly prohibits any kind of usury.

Hadith Number 345.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of foodstuff before receiving it. I consider that all types of sellings should be done similarly.


Hadith Number 346.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The buyer of foodstuff should not sell it before it has been measured for him." Isma'il narrated instead, "He should not sell it before receiving it."


Hadith Number 347.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): I saw the people buy foodstuff randomly (i.e. blindly without measuring it) in the life-time of Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) and they were punished (by beating), if they tried to sell it before carrying it to their own houses.


Hadith Number 348.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Rarely did the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) fail to visit Abu Bakr's house everyday, either in the morning or in the evening. When the permission for migration to Al-Madinah was granted, all of a sudden the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) came to us at noon and Abu Bakr was informed, who said, "Certainly the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) has come for some urgent matter." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said to Abu Bakr, when the latter entered "Let nobody stay in your home." Abu Bakr said, "O Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)! There are only my two daughters (namely 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) and Asma') present." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "I feel (am informed) that I have been granted the permission for migration." Abu Bakr said, "I will accompany you, O Allah’s Messenger!" The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "You will accompany me." Abu Bakr then said "O Allah’s Messenger! I have two she-camels I have prepared specially for migration, so I offer you one of them. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "I have accepted it on the condition that I will pay its price."


Hadith Number 349.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do not urge somebody to return what he has already bought (i.e. in optional sale) from another seller so as to sell him your own goods."


Hadith Number 350.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of things by a town dweller on behalf of a desert dweller; and similarly Najsh (*) was forbidden. And one should not urge somebody to return the goods to the seller so as to sell him his own goods; nor should one demand the hand of a girl who has already been engaged to someone else; and a woman should not try to cause some other woman to be divorced in order to take her place.


* Najsh – means to offer a high price for something without having the intention to buy it but just to cheat someone else who really wants to buy it. Such a person may agree with the seller to offer high prices before the buyers to cheat them, in which case both the man and the seller are sinful. The seller may falsely tell the buyer that he has previously bought the goods at a certain price which is in reality higher than the actual price.


Hadith Number 351.

Narrated by Jabir bin Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): A man decided that a slave of his would be manumitted after his death and later on he was in need of money, so the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) took the slave and said, "Who will buy this slave from me?" Nu'aim bin 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) bought him for such and such price and the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) gave him the slave.


Hadith Number 352.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Najsh.


Hadith Number 353.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the sale called 'Habal-al-Habala which was a kind of sale practiced in the Pre-Islamic Period of ignorance. One would pay the price of a she-camel which was not born yet would be born by the immediate offspring of an extant she-camel.

Hadith Number 354.

Narrated by Abu Said (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling by Munabadha, (*) i.e. to sell one's garment by casting it to the buyer not allowing him to examine or see it. Similarly he forbade the selling by Mulamasa. Mulamasa is to buy a garment, for example, by merely touching it, not looking at it.

* Munabadha is like gambling. Two persons may agree to barter one thing for another, without seeing or checking either of them. One may say to the other, “I barter my garment for your garment”, and the sale is achieved, without either of them seeing the garment of the other. Or one may say, I give you what I have and you give me what you have,” and thus they buy from each other without knowing how much each has.


Hadith Number 355.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade two kinds of dressing; (one of them) is to sit with one's legs drawn up while wrapped in one garment. (The other) is to lift that garment on one's shoulders. And also forbade two kinds of sale: Al-Limas and An-Nibadh. (*)

* Al-Limas - A sale in which the deal is completed if the buyer touches a thing, without seeing or checking it properly.

An-Nibadh - A sale in which the deal is completed if the seller throws a thing towards the buyer giving him no opportunity to see, touch or check it.


Hadith Number 356.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade selling by Mulamasa and Munabadha.


Hadith Number 357.

Narrated by Abu Said (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade two kinds of dresses and two kinds of sale, i.e., Mulamasa and Munabadha.


Hadith Number 358.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Don't keep camels and sheep un-milked for a long time, for whoever buys such an animal has the option to milk it and then either to keep it or return it to the owner along with one Sa of dates." Some narrated from Ibn Sirin (that the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) had said), "One Sa of wheat, and he has the option for three days." And some narrated from Ibn Sirin,"... a Sa of dates," not mentioning the option for three days. But a Sa of dates is mentioned in most narrations.


Hadith Number 359.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Whoever buys a sheep which has not been milked for a long time, has the option of returning it along with one Sa of dates; and the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade going to meet the seller on the way (as he has no knowledge of the market price and he may sell his goods at a low price).


Hadith Number 360.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do not go forward to meet the caravan (to buy from it on the way before it reaches the town). And do not urge buyers to cancel their purchases to sell them (your own goods) yourselves, and do not practice Najsh. A town dweller should not sell the goods for the desert dweller. Do not leave sheep un-milked for a long time, when they are on sale, and whoever buys such an animal has the option of returning it, after milking it, along with a Sa of dates or keeping it. it has been kept un-milked for a long period by the seller (to deceive others).

Hadith Number 361.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Whoever buys a sheep which has been kept un-milked for a long period, and milks it, can keep it if he is satisfied, and if he is not satisfied, he can return it, but he should pay one Sa of dates for the milk."


Hadith Number 362.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "If a slave-girl commits illegal sexual intercourse and it is proved beyond doubt, then her owner should lash her and should not blame her after the legal punishment. And then if she repeats the illegal sexual intercourse he should lash her again and should not blame her after the legal punishment, and if she commits it a third time, then he should sell her even for a hair rope."


Hadith Number 363.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah and Zaid bin Khalid (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was asked about the slave-girl, if she was a virgin and committed illegal sexual intercourse. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "If she committed illegal sexual intercourse, lash her, and if she did it a second time, then lash her again, and if she repeated the third time, then sell her even for a hair rope." Ibn Shihab said, "I don't know whether to sell her after the third or fourth offence."


Hadith Number 364.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) came to me and I told him about the slave-girl (Buraira) Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Buy and manumit her, for the Wala (*) is for the one who manumits." In the evening the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) got up and glorified Allah as He deserved and then said, "Why do some people impose conditions which are not present in Allah's Book (Laws)? Whoever imposes such a condition as is not in Allah's Laws, then that condition is invalid even if he imposes one hundred conditions, for Allah's conditions are more binding and reliable."

* Wala-a kind of relationship between the master who freed a slave and the freed slave.


Hadith Number 365.

Narrated by Abdullah bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) wanted to buy Buraira and he (the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)) went out for the prayer. When he returned, she told him that they (her masters) refused to sell her except on the condition that her Wala' would go to them. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) replied, 'The Wala' would go to him who manumits.' " Hammam asked Nafi' whether her (Buraira's) husband was a free man or a slave. He replied that he did not know.


Hadith Number 366.

Narrated by Jarir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I have given a pledge of allegiance to Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) for:-to testify that None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and Muhammad is His Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam), to offer prayers perfectly, to pay Zakat, to listen to and obey (Allah's and His Prophet’s (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) orders), and to give good advice to every Muslim.


Hadith Number 367.

Narrated by Tawus: Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) said, "Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, 'Do not go to meet the caravans on the way (for buying their goods without letting them know the market price); a town dweller should not sell the goods of a desert dweller on behalf of the latter.' I asked Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu), 'What does he mean by not selling the goods of a desert dweller by a town dweller?' He said, 'He should not become his broker.'"


Hadith Number 368.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of the goods of a desert dweller by a town person.


Hadith Number 369.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "A buyer should not urge a seller to restore a purchase so as to buy it himself, and do not practice Najsh; and a town dweller should not sell goods of a desert dweller."

Hadith Number 370.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): We were forbidden that a town dweller should sell goods of a desert dweller.


Hadith Number 371.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the meeting (of caravans) on the way and the selling of goods by an inhabitant of the town on behalf of a desert dweller.


Hadith Number 372.

Narrated by Tawus: I asked Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma), "What is the meaning of, 'No town dweller should sell (or buy) for a desert dweller'?" Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) said, "It means he should not become his broker."


Hadith Number 373.

Narrated by Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Whoever buys an animal which has been kept un-milked for a long time, could return it, but has to pay a Sa of dates along with it. And the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade meeting the owners of goods on the way away from the market.


Hadith Number 374.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "You should not try to cancel the purchases of one another (to get a benefit thereof), and do not go ahead to meet the caravan (for buying the goods) (but wait) till it reaches the market."


Hadith Number 375.

Narrated by 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): We used to go ahead to meet the caravan and used to buy foodstuff from them. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade us to sell it till it was carried to the market.


Hadith Number 376.

Narrated by 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Some people used to buy foodstuff at the head of the market and used to sell it on the spot. Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade them to sell it till they brought it to (their) places.


Hadith Number 377.

Narrated by 'Urwa: 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) said, "Buraira came to me and said, 'I have agreed with my masters to pay them nine Uqiyas (of gold) (in instalments) one Uqiya per year; please help me.' I said, 'I am ready to pay the whole amount now provided your masters agree that your Wala will be for me.' So, Buraira went to her masters and told them about that offer but they refused to accept it. She returned, and at that time, Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was sitting (present). Buraira said, 'I told them of the offer but they did not accept it and insisted on having the Wala.'.' The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) heard that." 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) narrated the whole story to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). He said to her, "Buy her and stipulate that her Wala' would be yours as the Wala' is for the manumitted." 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) did so. Then Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) stood up in front of the people, and after glorifying Allah he said, "Amma Badu (i.e. then after)! What about the people who impose conditions which are not in Allah's Book (Laws)? Any condition that is not in Allah's Book (Laws) is invalid even if they were one hundred conditions, for Allah's decisions are the right ones and His conditions are the strong ones (firmer) and the Wala' will be for the manumitted."


Hadith Number 378.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha), (mother of the faithful believers) wanted to buy a slave girl and manumit her, but her masters said that they would sell her only on the condition that her Wala' would be for them. 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) told Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) of that. He said, "What they stipulate should not hinder you from buying her, as the Wala' is for the manumitted."


Hadith Number 379.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The selling of wheat for wheat is Riba (usury) except if it is handed from hand to hand and equal in amount. Similarly the selling of barley for barley, is Riba except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and dates for dates is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount. (See Riba-Fadl –Hadith 344).

Hadith Number 380.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Muzabana; and Muzabana is the selling of fresh dates for dried old dates by measure, and the selling of fresh grapes for dried grapes by measure.


Hadith Number 381.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Muzabana; and Muzabana is the selling of fresh fruit (without measuring it) for something by measure on the basis that if that thing turns to be more than the fruit, the increase would be for the seller of the fruit, and if it turns to be less, that would be of his lot.

Narrated Ibn 'Umar from Zaid bin Thabit (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) that the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) allowed the selling of the fruits on the trees after estimation (when they are ripe).


Hadith Number 382.

Narrated by Ibn Shihab: That Malik bin Aus said, "I was in need of change for one-hundred Dinars. Talha bin 'Ubaid-Ullah called me and we discussed the matter, and he agreed to change (my Dinars). He took the gold pieces in his hands and fidgeted with them, and then said, "Wait till my storekeeper comes from the forest." 'Umar was listening to that and said, "By Allah! You should not separate from Talha till you get the money from him, for Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, 'The selling of gold for gold is Riba (usury) except if the exchange is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and similarly, the selling of wheat for wheat is Riba (usury) unless it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and the selling of barley for barley is usury unless it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and dates for dates, is usury unless it is from hand to hand and equal in amount."


Hadith Number 383.

Narrated by Abu Bakra (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Don't sell gold for gold unless equal in weight, nor silver for silver unless equal in weight, but you could sell gold for silver or silver for gold as you like."


Hadith Number 384.

Narrated by Abu Said (Radhi Allahu Anhu): (Concerning exchange) that he heard Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) saying, "Do not sell gold for gold unless equal in weight, and do not sell silver unless equal in weight."


Hadith Number 385.

Narrated by Abu Said Al-Khudri (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do not sell gold for gold unless equivalent in weight, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa; and do not sell silver for silver unless equivalent in weight, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa and do not sell gold or silver that is not present at the moment of exchange for gold or silver that is present.


Hadith Number 386.

Narrated by Abu Salih Az-Zaiyat: I heard Abu Said Al-Khudri (Radhi Allahu Anhu) saying, "The selling of a Dinar for a Dinar, and a Dirham for a Dirham (is permissible)." I said to him, "Ibn 'Abbas does not say the same." Abu Said replied, "I asked Ibn 'Abbas whether he had heard it from the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) or seen it in the Holy Book. Ibn 'Abbas replied, "I do not claim that, and you know Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) better than I, but Usama informed me that the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) had said, 'There is no Riba (in money exchange) except when it is not done from hand to hand (i.e. when there is delay in payment).'"


Hadith Number 387.

Narrated by Abu Al-Minhal: I asked Al-Bara' bin 'Azib and Zaid bin Arqam (Radhi Allahu Anhu) about money exchanges. Each of them said, "This is better than I," and both of them said, "Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of silver for gold on credit."


Hadith Number 388.

Narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakr (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): That his father (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said, "The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of gold for gold and silver for silver except if they are equivalent in weight, and allowed us to sell gold for silver and vice versa as we wished."

Hadith Number 389.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do not sell fruits of dates until they become free from all the dangers of being spoilt or blighted; and do not sell fresh dates for dry dates."

Narrated Salim and 'Abdullah from Zaid bin Thabit (Radhi Allahu Anhu) "Later on Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) permitted the selling of ripe fruits on trees for fresh dates or dried dates in Bai'-l-'Araya, and did not allow it for any other kind of sale."


Hadith Number 390.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Muzabana; and Muzabana means the selling of fresh dates (on the trees) for dried dates by measure and also the selling of fresh grapes for dried grapes by measure.


Hadith Number 391.

Narrated by Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Muzabana and Muhaqala (*); and Muzabana means the selling of ripe dates for dates still on the trees.

* Muhaqala – The sale of wheat still in ears for pure wheat.


Hadith Number 392.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Muzabana and Muhaqala.


Hadith Number 393.

Narrated by Zaid bin Thabit (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) allowed the owner of 'Araya (*) to sell the fruits on the trees by means of estimation.


* ‘Ariya (pl.Araya)-the selling of fresh dates still over the palm tree by means of estimation for the dry plucked dates and it is an exception.


Hadith Number 394.

Narrated by Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of fruits unless they get ripe, and none of them should be sold except for Dinar or Dirham (i.e. money), except the 'Araya trees (the dates of which could be sold for dates).


Hadith Number 395.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) : The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) allowed the sale of the dates of 'Araya provided they were about five Awsuq (singular: Wasaq which means sixty Sa's) or less (in amount).


Hadith Number 396.

Narrated by Sahl bin Abu Hathma (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of fruits (fresh dates) for dried dates but allowed the sale of fruits on the 'Araya by estimation and their new owners might eat their dates fresh. Sufyan (in another narration) said, "I told Yahya (a sub-narrator) when I was a mere boy, Makkans say that the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) allowed them the sale of the fruits on 'Araya by estimation.' Yahya asked, 'How do the Makkans know about it?' I replied, 'They narrated it (from the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam)) through Jabir.' On that, Yahya kept quiet." Sufyan said, "I meant that Jabir belonged to Al-Madinah." Sufyan was asked whether in Jabir's narration there was any prohibition of selling fruits before their benefit is evident (i.e. no dangers of being spoilt or blighted). He replied that there was none.


Hadith Number 397.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar from Zaid bin Thabit (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) allowed the sale of 'Araya by estimating the dates on them for measured amounts of dried dates. Musa bin 'Uqba said, "Al- 'Araya were distinguished date palms; one could come and buy them (i.e. their fruits)."


Hadith Number 398.

Narrated by Zaid (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Same as above (Hadith 397).

Hadith Number 399.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the sale of fruits till their benefit is evident. He forbade both the seller and the buyer (such sale).


Hadith Number 400.

Narrated by Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the sale of date fruits till they were ripe. Abu 'Abdullah (Al-Bukhari) said, "That means till they were red (can be eaten)."


Hadith Number 401.

Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the sale of (date) fruits till they were red or yellow and fit for eating.


Hadith Number 402.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the sale of fruits till their benefit is evident; and the sale of date palms till the dates are almost ripe. He was asked what 'are almost ripe' meant. He replied, "Got red and yellow."


Hadith Number 403.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the sale of fruits till they are almost ripe. He was asked what is meant by 'are almost ripe.' He replied, "Till they become red." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) further said, "If Allah spoiled the fruits, what right would one have to take the money of one's brother (i.e. other people)?"

Narrated Ibn Shihab: If somebody bought fruits before their benefit is evident and then the fruits were spoiled with blights, the loss would be suffered by the owner (not the buyer).

Narrated Salim bin 'Abdullah from Ibn Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do not sell or buy fruits before their benefit was evident and do not sell fresh fruits (dates) for dried dates."


Hadith Number 404.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) bought some foodstuff from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his armour to him.


Hadith Number 405.

Narrated by Abu Said Al-Khudri and Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) appointed somebody as a governor of Khaibar. That governor brought to him an excellent kind of dates (from Khaibar). The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) asked, "Are all the dates of Khaibar like this?" He replied, "By Allah, no, O Allah’s Messenger! But we barter one Sa of this (type of dates) for two Sas of dates of ours and two Sas of it for three of ours." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do not do so (as that is a kind of usury) but sell the mixed dates (of inferior quality) for money, and then buy good dates with that money."


Hadith Number 406.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "If somebody sells pollinated date palms, the fruits will be for the seller unless the buyer stipulates that they will be for himself (and the seller agrees)."


Hadith Number 407.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Al-Muzabana, i.e. to sell un-gathered dates of one's garden for measured dried dates or fresh un-gathered grapes for measured dried grapes; or standing crops for measured quantity of foodstuff. He forbade all such bargains.


Hadith Number 408.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Whoever pollinates date palms and then sells them, the fruits will belong to him unless the buyer stipulates that the fruits should belong to him (and the seller agrees)."


Hadith Number 409.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade Muhaqala, Mukhadara, (*) Mulamasa, Munabadha and Muzabana. (See the previous Hadiths for the meanings of these terms.)

* Mukhadara – The Sale of grain or vegetables before it is ripe and that they are free from diseases and blights and their benefit is evident.

Hadith Number 410.

Narrated by Humaid: Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said, "The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade the selling of dates till they were almost ripe." We asked Anas, "What does 'almost ripe' mean?" He replied, "They get red and yellow. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) added, 'If Allah destroyed the fruits present on the trees, what right would the seller have to take the money of his brother (somebody else)?'"


Hadith Number 411.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): I was with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) while he was eating spadix. He said, "From the trees there is a tree which resembles a faithful believer." I wanted to say that it was the date palm, but I was the youngest among them (so I kept quiet). He added, "It is the date palm." Shuraih told the weavers, "You are permitted to follow your own conventions to solve your problems (it is legal for you to stick to your traditions in bargain)."

Narrated 'Abdul Wahab: Aiyub said: Muhammad said, "There is no harm in selling for eleven what you buy for ten, and you are allowed to take a profit for expenses."

The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) told Hind, "Take what is reasonable and sufficient for you and your sons." Allah says: Whoever is poor, can eat (from the orphan's property) reasonably (according to his labours).

Al-Hasan hired a donkey from 'Abdullah bin Mirdas and asked him about the hire. The latter replied that it was for two Daniqs (a Daniq equals 1/6th Dirham). So Al-Hasan rode away. Another time, Al-Hasan came to 'Abdullah bin Mirdas and asked him to hire the donkey to him and rode away without asking him about the hire, but he sent him half a Dirham. (*)


* Al-Hasan did not ask about the hire the second time depending on what they had agreed upon the first time. He sent Abdullah more than what was due out of generosity.


Hadith Number 412.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Abu Taiba (Radhi Allahu Anhu) cupped Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) and so Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) ordered that a Sa of dates be paid to him and ordered his masters (for he was a slave) to reduce his tax. (*)


* Slaves had to pay their masters certain taxes.


Hadith Number 413.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Hind, the mother of Mu'awiya said to Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam), "Abu Sufyan (her husband) is a miser. Am I allowed to take from his money secretly?" The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said to her, "You and your sons may take what is sufficient reasonably and fairly."


Hadith Number 414.

Narrated by Hisham bin 'Urwa: From his father who heard 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) saying, "The Holy Verse; 'Whoever amongst the guardians is rich, he should take no wages (from the property of the orphans) but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his labours)' (Surah An-Nisa’ 4: 6) was revealed concerning the guardian of the orphans who looks after them and manages favourably their financial affairs; If the guardian is poor, he could have from it what is just and reasonable, (according to his labours)."


Hadith Number 415.

Narrated by Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) gave pre-emption (to the partner) in every joint property, but if the boundaries of the property were demarcated or the ways and streets were fixed, then there was no pre-emption.


Hadith Number 416.

Narrated by Jabir bin Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) decided the validity of pre-emption in every joint undivided property, but if the boundaries were well marked or the ways and streets were fixed, then there was no pre-emption.


Hadith Number 417.

Narrated by Mussaddad from 'Abdul Wahid : The same as above but said, "...in every joint undivided thing..." Narrated Hisham from Ma'mar the same as above but said,"... in every property... "

Hadith Number 418.

Narrated by Ibn 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "While three persons were walking, rain began to fall and they had to enter a cave in a mountain. A big rock rolled over and blocked the mouth of the cave. They said to each other, 'Invoke Allah with the best deed you have performed (so Allah might remove the rock)'. One of them said, 'O Allah! My parents were old and I used to go out for grazing (my animals). On my return I would milk (the animals) and take the milk in a vessel to my parents to drink. After they had drunk from it, I would give it to my children, family and wife. One day I was delayed and on my return I found my parents sleeping, and I disliked to wake them up. The children were crying at my feet (because of hunger). That state of affairs continued till it was dawn. O Allah! If You regard that I did it for Your sake, then please remove this rock so that we may see the sky.' So, the rock was moved a bit. The second said, 'O Allah! You know that I was in love with a cousin of mine, like the deepest love a man may have for a woman, and she told me that I would not get my desire fulfilled unless I paid her one-hundred Dinars (gold pieces). So, I struggled for it till I gathered the desired amount, and when I sat in between her legs, she told me to be afraid of Allah, and asked me not to deflower her except rightfully (by marriage). So, I got up and left her. O Allah! If You regard that I did if for Your sake, kindly remove this rock.' So, two-thirds of the rock was removed. Then the third man said, 'O Allah! No doubt You know that once I employed a worker for one Faraq (three Sa's) of millet, and when I wanted to pay him, he refused to take it, so I sowed it and from its yield I bought cows and a shepherd. After a time that man came and demanded his money. I said to him: Go to those cows and the shepherd and take them for they are for you. He asked me whether I was joking with him. I told him that I was not joking with him, and all that belonged to him. O Allah! If You regard that I did it sincerely for Your sake, then please remove the rock.' So, the rock was removed completely from the mouth of the cave."


Hadith Number 419.

Narrated by 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakr (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): We were with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) when a tall pagan with long matted unkempt hair came driving his sheep. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) asked him, "Are those sheep for sale or for gifts?" The pagan replied, "They are for sale." The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) bought one sheep from him.


Hadith Number 420.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "The Prophet Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) emigrated with Sarah and entered a village where there was a king or a tyrant. (The king) was told that Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) had entered (the village) accompanied by a woman who was one of the most charming women. So, the king sent for Ibrahim and asked, 'O Abraham! Who is this lady accompanying you?' Abraham replied, 'She is my sister (i.e. in religion).' Then Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) returned to her and said, 'Do not contradict my statement, for I have informed them that you are my sister. By Allah, there are no true believers on this land except you and 1.' Then Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) sent her to the king. When the king got to her, she got up and performed ablution, prayed and said, 'O Allah! If I have believed in You and Your Prophet, and have saved my private parts from everybody except my husband, then please do not let this pagan overpower me.' On that the king fell in a mood of agitation and started moving his legs. Seeing the condition of the king, Sarah said, 'O Allah! If he should die, the people will say that I have killed him.' The king regained his power, and proceeded towards her but she got up again and performed ablution, prayed and said, 'O Allah! If I have believed in You and Your Prophet and have kept my private parts safe from all except my husband, then please do not let this pagan overpower me.' The king again fell in a mood of agitation and started moving his legs. On seeing that state of the king, Sarah said, 'O Allah! If he should die, the people will say that I have killed him.' The king got either two or three attacks, and after recovering from the last attack he said, 'By Allah! You have sent a Satan to me. Take her to Ibrahim and give her Hajar.' So she came back to Ibrahim and said, 'Allah humiliated the pagan and gave us a slavegirl for service." (*)


* Ibrahim (Alayhi Salam) accepted the gift from the infidel.


Hadith Number 421.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): Sad bin Abi Waqqas and 'Abu bin Zam'a quarreled over a boy. Sad said, "O Allah’s Messenger! This boy is the son of my brother ('Utba bin Abi Waqqas) who took a promise from me that I would take him as he was his (illegal) son. Look at him and see whom he resembles." 'Abu bin Zam'a said, "O Allah’s Messenger! This is my brother and was born on my father's bed from his slave-girl." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) cast a look at the boy and found definite resemblance to 'Utba and then said, "The boy is for you, O 'Abu bin Zam'a. The child goes to the owner of the bed and the adulterer gets nothing but the stones (despair, i.e. to be stoned to death). Then the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "O Sauda bint Zama! Screen yourself from this boy." So, Sauda never saw him again.

Hadith Number 422.

Narrated by Sad: That his father said, Abdur-Rahman bin Auf said to Suhaib, 'Fear Allah and do not ascribe yourself to somebody other than your father.' Suhaib replied, 'I would not like to say it even if I were given large amounts of money, but I say I was kidnapped in my childhood.'"


Hadith Number 423.

Narrated by 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair: Hakim bin Hizam said, "O Allah’s Messenger! I used to do good deeds in the Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance, e.g., keeping good relations with my Kith and kin, manumitting slaves and giving alms. Shall I receive a reward for all that?" Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) replied, "You embraced Islam with all the good deeds which you did in the past."


Hadith Number 424.

Narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhuma): Once Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) passed by a dead sheep and said to the people, "Wouldn't you benefit by its skin?" The people replied that it was dead. The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "But its eating only is illegal."


Hadith Number 425.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Isa) (*) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and no-body will accept charitable gifts.


* Isa (Alayhi Salam), the son of Maryam will descend as a leader of the Muslims, and it is a severe warning to the Christians who claim be to be the followers of Isa (Alayhi Salam) and he will break the cross and kill the pigs.


Hadith Number 426.

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Once 'Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) was informed that a certain man sold alcohol. 'Umar said, "May Allah curse him! Doesn't he know that Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, 'May Allah curse the Jews, for Allah had forbidden them to eat the fat of animals but they melted it and sold it." (*)


* This indicates that it is not permissible to sell a thing which is illegal to eat.


Hadith Number 427.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "May Allah curse the Jews, because Allah made fat illegal for them but they sold it and ate its price."


Hadith Number 428.

Narrated by Said bin Abu Al-Hasan : While I was with Ibn 'Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) a man came and said, "O father of 'Abbas! My sustenance is from my manual profession and I make these pictures." Ibn 'Abbas said, "I will tell you only what I heard from Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). I heard him saying, 'Whoever makes a picture will be punished by Allah till he puts life in it, and he will never be able to put life in it.' Hearing this, that man heaved a sigh and his face turned pale. Ibn 'Abbas said to him, "What a pity! If you insist on making pictures I advise you to make pictures of trees and any other unanimated objects."


Hadith Number 429.

Narrated by 'Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha): When the last verses of Surat-al-Baqarah were revealed, the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) went out (of his house to the Masjid) and said, "The trade of alcohol has become illegal."


Hadith Number 430.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Allah says, 'I will be against three persons on the Day of Resurrection:

1. One who makes a covenant in My Name, but he proves treacherous.
2. One who sells a free person (as a slave) and eats the price.
3. And one who employs a labourer and gets the full work done by him but does not pay him his wages.'"

Hadith Number 431.

Narrated by Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Amongst the captives was Safiya. First she was given to Dihya Al-Kalbi and then to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam). (*)

* When the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) took Safiya (Radhi Allahu Anha) for himself, he told Dihya (Radhi Allahu Anhu) to choose another slave girl from among the captives. so this case is a kind of buying a slave on credit.


Hadith Number 432.

Narrated by Abu Said Al-Khudri (Radhi Allahu Anhu): That while he was sitting with Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) he said, "O Allah’s Messenger! We get female captives as our share of booty, and we are interested in their prices, what is your opinion about coitus interrupt us?" The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, "Do you really do that? It is better for you not to do it. No soul that which Allah has destined to exist, but will surely come into existence.


Hadith Number 433.

Narrated by Jabir (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sold a Mudabbar (*) (on behalf of his master who was still living and in need of money).

* Mudabbar-A slave who is promised by his master to be manumitted after the latter’s death.


Hadith Number 434.

Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) sold a Mudabbar.


Hadith Number 435.

Narrated by Zaid bin Khalid and Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhuma) : That Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was asked about an unmarried slave-girl who committed illegal sexual intercourse. They heard him saying, "Flog (*) her, and if she commits illegal sexual intercourse after that, flog her again, and on the third (or the fourth) offence, sell her." (**)

* A slave-girl committing illegal intercourse is punished with 50 lashes which are half the lashes given to a free unmarried person. Stoning is not used for slaves committing illegal sexual intercourse.

** The narrator is not sure whether the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said “… the third or the fourth offence….”


Hadith Number 436.

Narrated by Abu Hurairah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) : I heard the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) saying, "If a slave-girl of yours commits illegal sexual intercourse and her illegal sexual intercourse is proved, she should be lashed, and after that nobody should blame her, and if she commits illegal sexual intercourse the second time, she should be lashed and nobody should blame her after that, and if she does the offence for the third time and her illegal sexual intercourse is proved, she should be sold even for a hair rope."


Hadith Number 437.

Narrated by Anas bin Malik (Radhi Allahu Anhu): The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) came to Khaibar and when Allah made him victorious and he conquered the town by breaking the enemy's defence, the beauty of Safiya bint Huyai bin Akhtab was mentioned to him and her husband had been killed while she was a bride. Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) selected her for himself and he set out in her company till he reached Sadd-ar-Rawha' where her menses were over and he married her. Then Hais (a kind of meal) was prepared and served on a small leather sheet (used for serving meals). Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) then said to me, "Inform those who are around you (about the wedding banquet)." So that was the marriage banquet given by Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) for (his marriage with) Safiya. After that we proceeded to Al-Madinah and I saw that Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was covering her with a cloak while she was behind him. Then he would sit beside his camel and let Safiya put her feet on his knees to ride (the camel).


Hadith Number 438.

Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Radhi Allahu Anhu): I heard Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam), in the year of the Conquest of Makkah, saying, "Allah and His Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) made illegal the trade of alcohol, dead animals, pigs and idols." The people asked, "O Allah’s Messenger! What about the fat of dead animals, for it was used for greasing the boats and the hides; and people use it for lights?" He said, "No, it is illegal." Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) further said, "May Allah curse the Jews, for Allah made the fat (of animals) illegal for them, yet they melted the fat and sold it and ate its price."


Hadith Number 439.

Narrated by Abu Mas'ud Al-Ansari (Radhi Allahu Anhu): Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) forbade taking the price of a dog, money earned by prostitution and the earnings of a soothsayer.


Hadith Number 440.

Narrated by Aun bin Abu Juhaifa: I saw my father buying a slave whose profession was cupping, and ordered that his instruments (of cupping) be broken. I asked him the reason for doing so. He replied, "Allah’s Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) prohibited taking money for blood, the price of a dog, and the earnings of a slave-girl by prostitution; he cursed her who tattoos and her who gets tattooed, the eater of Riba (usury), and the maker of pictures."