Ablution

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This is a beautiful presentation of wudhu

http://en.islamway.net/flash/213

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Description of Wudu

Intention (or: niyah), which is an act of the heart and has nothing to do with the tongue. It denotes willing or planning to do something. Thus a person intends (in his heart) to perform wudu (ablution) in order to be permitted or able to perform acts that require wudu as a prior requirement, such as prayer,tawaf, and touching the Holy Qur'an. He may intend to remove the state of impurity without uttering such intent. That is because there is no Hadith evidencing that the Prophet, pronounced the intention in case of wudu, prayer or any of his acts of worship. Besides, Allah:jal: is Well-Aware of the content of the heart. The proof of the necessity of intention is the tradition narrated by Omar, reading:
“ The (integrity of) acts is based on intentions, and each person will be rewarded according to what he intends"(Agreed upon).
Saying at the beginning of wudu:" Bismillah "(i.e. by the name of Allah) on account of Abu Hurairah's tradition which states that:“ No prayer is valid without wudu, and no wudu is valid without mentioning the Name of Allah”(Ahmad, Abu Daud, Ibn Majah etc.). The noble Prophet also said:“ Every important matter will be imperfect (or lacking in blessing) if it is not started with the name of Allah”(Ahmad).
Washing the hands three times at the beginning of the wudu. Aws ibn Aws Al-Thaqafi said:“ I saw Allah's Messenger ,wash his palms three times when he performed wudu'”(Ahmad&Nasai). The Prophet also said:“ If any of you wakes up, he should not dip his hand into a container unless he washes it three times, for he does not know where it was (what it was doing or touching) during the night”(Agreed upon).
Rinsing the mouth and nostrils three times.“ Ali, , had water brought to him, upon which he rinsed his mouth and nostrils, then cleared his nose with his left hand. He did it three times, then said: Such is the ablution of Allah's Prophet ”(Ahmad&Nasai). The Prophet also
said:“ If a person performs wudu let him clear his nose, and if he cleans himself (with pebbles after urinating or defecating) let him do it at odd numbers”(Bukhari). A'ishah,, reported the Prophet as saying:“ Rinsing mouth and nostrils are an essential part of wudu”(Darqutni). It is recommended to use the right hand when rinsing the mouth and nostrils (when putting water into them) and the left hand when rinsing the nostrils out (clearing them from dirt).
This is based on the behaviour of Ali ibn Abi Talib .“ When he entered his hand in the container and took a handful of water, then rinsed his mouth and nostrils, and cleared the latter with his left hand (He did this three times). After this he said: This is the wudu of Allah's Prophet ”(Nasai).
Washing the face once, as a minimum. It is optimum to do it three times, by pouring water on the face. The face must be covered with water from the top, where hair grows, down to the bottom of the chin or beard, and from right to left earlobe. The Qur'an says which meaning is translated as:
“ O you who believe! When you rise to offer the prayer, wash your faces and your hands
up to the elbows, wipe (by passing wet hands over) your heads, and (wash) your feet up to the ankles ”

يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قُمۡتُمۡ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغۡسِلُواْ وُجُوهَكُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيَكُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡمَرَافِقِ وَٱمۡسَحُواْ بِرُءُوسِكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَڪُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡكَعۡبَيۡنِ‌ۚ
(Al-Maidah:6).
Washing the hands from the tips of fingers up to elbow including the elbow once as a minimum, but three times would be better. It is recommended to start with the right hand, then the left, and move the ring and watch (if any) so that water should reach under them. This is supported by the same verse mentioned in the former section. AbuHurairah, washed his right hand up to the upperarm, then the left hand like that. He washed his right foot up to the leg, then the left foot like that. Then he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah perform ablution like this” (Muslim).
Wiping the head once with wet hands from front to back then the other way round. Abdullah ibn Zaid, narrated that:“ Allah's Messenger wiped his head from the forehead to the back of his head and then back to the forehead with his wet hands” (Sunan narrators).
In another description of the Prophet's wudu, it was mentioned that:“ He wiped his head (with water) only once”(Agreed upon).
Wiping the ears once (from the inside with index fingers and from the outside
with thumbs). Ibn 'Abbas, , in his description of the Prophet's wudu, said:“ He wiped his head and ears once”. In another narration, he said:“ He wiped his head and ears from the inside with the index fingers and from the outside with his thumbs”(Ahmad & Abu Daud).
Washing the feet once as a minimum. It is better, however, to wash them three times from the toes up to the ankles. The ankles should be included in washing. Ibn 'Amr, , said:“ We were with Prophet on a journey, and Al-'Asr prayer was over-due. We were performing ablution and passing wet hands over our feet (not washing them thoroughly), when he said to us in a loud voice: Woe to the heels because of the hell-fire”(Agreed upon).
Doing the above steps in order, and succession just like they have been mentioned in the Holy Qur'an which meaning is translated as:
“ O you who believe! When you rise up for prayer, wash your faces, and hands up to the
elbows, and lightly wipe your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles”

يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قُمۡتُمۡ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغۡسِلُواْ وُجُوهَكُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيَكُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡمَرَافِقِ وَٱمۡسَحُواْ بِرُءُوسِكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَڪُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡكَعۡبَيۡنِ‌ۚ

(Al-Maidah:6).
Succession here means that one should not delay the washing of a part of the body until
the previous one has become dry. Omar, narrated that: “The Prophet saw a man praying, but a portion of his foot as large as a dirham was not touched with water. Therefore, the Prophet ordered him to repeat his wudu and prayer”.

Source: This small book

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Obligatory Acts of Ablution

Intention
Washing the face
Washing the arms to the elbow
Wiping the head
Washing the feet and the heels
Following the prescribed sequence

Sunan Acts of the Ablution

Mentioning the name of Allah at the beginning
Using Siwak (dental hygiene)
Washing the hands three times at the beginning
Rinsing the mouth three times
Sniffing up and blowing out water through the nose three times
Running one's fingers through his beard
Running water through one's fingers and toes
Repeating each washing three times
Beginning with the right side
Rubbing the limbs with water
Close sequence
Wiping the ears
Elongating the streaks of light
Economizing the use of water
Supplicating while performing ablution
Supplicating after ablution
Praying two raka' after ablution

Source: Fiqh us-Sunnah, Purification and prayer, Volume 1, p24-35, 1991.

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Nullification of Ablution

An excretion of the pen-s, vagina, or anus
Deep sleep that makes a person completely unaware of his surrondings
Loss of consciousness
Touching the sexual organ without and "barrier" (clothes, and so on) between the hand and the organ