As Salamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu
The Companions' (Radhi Allahu Anhum) Concern Over The Prophet's (Sallallahu 'Alayhi wa Sallam) Death:
The great (loss) news was soon known by everybody in Madinah. Dark grief spread on all areas and horizons of Madinah. Anas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said:
“I have never witnessed a day better or brighter than that day on which the Messenger of Allah(Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) came to us; and I have never witnessed a more awful or darker day than that one on which the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) died on.” (Mishkat 2/547)
When he died, Fatimah (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said: “O Father, whom his Lord responded to his supplication! O Father, whose abode is Paradise. O Father, whom I announce his death to Gabriel.” (Al-Bukhari 2/641)
‘Umar’s (Radhi Allahu Anhu) Attitude:
‘Umar, who was so stunned that he almost lost consciousness and stood before people addressing them: “Some of the hypocrites claim that the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) died. The Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) did not die, but went to his Lord in the same way as Moses bin ‘Imran did. He stayed away for forty nights, but finally came back though they said he had been dead. By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) will come back and he will cut off the hands and legs of those who claim his death.”
Abu Bakr's Attitude:
Abu Bakr left his house at As-Sunh and came forth to the Mosque on a mare-back. At the Mosque, he dismounted and entered. He talked to nobody but went on till he entered ‘Aishah’s (Radhi Allahu Anha) abode, and went directly to where the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) was. The Prophet (Sallallahu 'Alayhi wa Sallam) was covered with a Yemeni mantle. He uncovered his face and tended down, kissed him and cried. Then he said: “I sacrifice my father and mother for your sake. Allah, verily, will not cause you to die twice. You have just experienced the death that Allah had ordained.”
Then he went out and found ‘Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) talking to people. He said: “‘Umar, be seated.” ‘Umar refused to do so. People parted ‘Umar and came towards Abu Bakr, who started a speech saying:
“And now, he who worships Muhammad (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam). Muhammad is dead now. But he who worships Allah, He is Ever Living and He never dies. Allah says:
‘Muhammad (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many) Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will you then turn back on your heels (as disbelievers)? And he who turns back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allah, and Allah will give reward to those who are grateful.’” [Surah Aal-‘Imran 3:144]
Ibn ‘Abbas (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said: “By Allah, it sounded as if people had never heard such a Qur’anic verse till Abu Bakr recited it as a reminder. So people started reciting it till there was no man who did not recite it.”
Ibn Al-Musaiyab said that ‘Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu) had said: “By Allah, as soon as I heard Abu Bakr say it, I fell down to the ground. I felt as if my legs had been unable to carry me so I collapsed when I heard him say it. Only then did I realize that Muhammad (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) had really died.” (Al-Bukhari 2/640/641)
Burial And Farewell Preparations To His Honourable Body:
Dispute about who would succeed him (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) broke out even before having the Messenger of Allah’s body prepared for burial. Lots of arguments, discussions, dialogues took place between the Helpers and Emigrants in the roofed passage (portico) of Bani Sa‘ida. Finally they acknowledged Abu Bakr (Radhi Allahu Anhu) as a caliph. They spent the whole Monday there till it was night. People were so busy with their arguments that it was late night — just about dawn of Tuesday — yet his blessed body was still lying on his bed covered with an inked-garment. He was locked in the room.
On Tuesday, his body was washed with his clothes on. He was washed by Al-‘Abbas, ‘Ali, Al-Fadl and Qathm — the two sons of Al-‘Abbas, as well as Shaqran — the Messenger’s freed slave, Osamah bin Zaid and Aws bin Khauli (Radhi Allahu Anhum). Al-‘Abbas, Al-Fadl and Qathm (Radhi Allahu Anhum)turned his body round, whereas Osamah and Shaqran poured out water. ‘Ali washed him and Aws leant him against his chest.
They shrouded him in three white Sahooli cotton cloth which had neither a head cloth nor a casing and inserted him in. (Al-Bukhari 1/169 Muslim 1/306)
A sort of disagreement arose with regard to a burial place. Abu Bakr (Radhi Allahu Anhu) said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) say: ‘A dead Prophet is buried where he dies.’ So Abu Talhah lifted the bed on which he died, dug underneath and cut the ground to make the tomb.
People entered the room ten by ten. They prayed for the Prophet (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam). The first to pray for him were people of his clan. Then the Emigrants, then the Helpers. Women prayed for him after men. The young were the last to pray.
This process took Tuesday long and Wednesday night (i.e. the night which precedes Wednesday morning). ‘Aishah (Radhi Allahu Anha) said: “We did not know that the Prophet (Sallallahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam) was being buried till we heard the sound of tools digging the ground at the depth of Wednesday night.”
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